Friday, May 6, 2011

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galaxies are thought to develop through the gravitational pull and the smallest subgalaxias fusion, a process that should be permanent. But new data from a team of scientists from Liverpool John Moores University challenges directly this idea, and suggests that the growth of some of the most massive objects stopped 7,000 million years ago, when the universe was half its present age. The study was presented at the annual meeting of the Royal Astronomical Society by the researcher Claire Burke.




How galaxies form and evolve then remains an important unanswered question in astronomy. Subgalaxias are thought to have merged galaxies, associated with fluctuations in the density of material in space left by the 'Big Bang' and are currently seen as waves of temperature in the cosmic background radiation. For the study of galactic evolution, the team, which also included Professor Chris Collins and Dr. John Stott looked at the massive and bright galaxies in the universe, known as BCG cluster, located right in the center of galaxy clusters, structures which typically contain hundreds of galaxies.
BCG in the nearby universe is elliptical and is of the class of galaxies observed larger, uniform mass. Each galaxy of this cluster has a mass equivalent to a maximum of 100 billion suns. Like the smaller elliptical galaxies, BCG is composed of old red stars and is believed to have formed through mergers of dense subgalaxias population found in the center of the clusters. By studying how BCG grows in size you get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe formation and evolution of galaxies in general.
Measuring the size of BCG has always been difficult, since their outer regions are very weak. Burke and his team have overcome this by using long-exposure images of the Hubble telescope's file contained the darker parts of these galaxies. BCG studied is so distant that the light that is detected occurred 7,000 million years ago, so they appear as they were when the universe was less than half its current age.
When examined Hubble images, the team found that these distant BCG are almost the same size as their counterparts in the vicinity and that these galaxies have grown more than 30% in the last 9,000 million years. This is consistent with other work by the same research group, but is very different from regular development observed in elliptical galaxies. More significantly, the conventional simulations of the evolution of the universe predict that BCG should have at least tripled in size in that time. Burke believes that "the lack of growth in the most massive galaxies is a major challenge for current models of training and evolution of large-scale structure in the Universe. Our work suggests that cosmologists seem to lack some of the crucial ingredients needed to understand how galaxies evolved from the distant past today. "
Source: ep
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